Foreign traders who have exported to Russia know that there are white customs clearance and gray customs clearance in Russia’s customs clearance policy. So what is white customs clearance and what is gray customs clearance? Which is better for Russian gray customs clearance and white customs clearance?
White customs clearance: refers to the customs clearance method that enters Russia through normal customs inspection, and is regulated by Russian law, and the formal way of goods circulation.
Gray customs clearance: The consignor is responsible for delivery to the Chinese gateway in China and has passed the inspection. However, when the consignee received the goods at the Russian port, due to the cumbersome inspection, some of the links in the middle were solved by the Russian “clearance company”. These freight forwarders are approved by the government, and the business they do is to perform customs clearance procedures and collect taxes. Sino-Russian trade is a complicated issue. Because of the inspection procedures through the “clearance company”, in order to profit from it, the customs clearance company unilaterally revise the goods and quantity of the goods, resulting in no formal security procedures for Chinese goods entering Russia. It is a genuine goods, but imports have become black goods.
As a result of this inspection in Russia, no suspense has become the object of arrest. Therefore, it is not difficult to see that many companies have been detained and unclaimed, which is caused by the damage caused by gray customs clearance to exporters. Most of China’s exports to Russia are cleared by gray customs clearance, which is much faster than normal customs clearance, and the cost is relatively cheaper. Grey customs clearance not only occurs in Russia, but also in countries such as Pakistan.
White customs clearance:
1. Railway transportation: Entering Russia from all parts of China via Manzhouli Port/Erenhot Port/Alashankou Port/Sufenhe Port (Mongolia, Central Asia);
2. Sea-rail combined transport: entering the eastern Russian region and inland cities from various ports in China to Dongfang Port or Vladivostok (Vladivostok);
3. Maritime transport: entering the western part of Russia via St. Petersburg; or entering Ukraine, Moldova, Belarus and southern Russia via the Ukrainian port;
4, air transport: provide all over the country – Beijing – Moscow air charter service, once a week, the price is excellent, safe and reliable, can be single clear and double clear, sent to the door;
5, delivery: that is, to the door service, according to the customer’s request, arrange transportation by car, train, plane and other means to help the customer to deliver the goods to any designated location in Russia.
Customs clearance for white customs clearance:
Before the goods arrive in Hong Kong, the customs clearance agency will sort out the goods information of the customs declaration and prepare the customs declaration form. For the calculation of general customs clearance fees, you need to know the details of the goods. These include:
-Technical parameters (especially for building materials, engineering equipment, etc.)
-Material
– Packing conditions (net weight, gross weight, packaging form, quantity, if it is a plate, tile, etc., generally need to pack the total square meters)
With these, the customs clearance agency can determine the most suitable customs commodity code and get the optimal customs clearance value to calculate the minimum customs clearance fee. Unlike other countries, customs clearance is determined by the customs of Russia, not by the value of the goods themselves.
After the information is ready, it will be declared to the Russian Customs in the name of the Russian customs clearance company. Customs declarations can also be carried out by the legal company registered by the customer in Russia. All customs clearance procedures are handled in a formal manner.
Import customs clearance process:
The Russian Customs Code stipulates that customs procedures should be handled at the designated place of the Russian customs office at the place of the consignor (at the time of export) or the consignee (at the time of import) or its branch office. The processing time is the working hours of the customs authorities as stipulated by the Russian State Customs Committee.
According to the request of the relevant parties, customs procedures can be handled at other locations and non-customs working hours, but a double handling fee is charged. The Russian National Customs Committee has the power to decide that certain types of goods and vehicles can only go through customs formalities at designated customs authorities. Some commodities can only go through customs formalities after completing animal and plant quarantine, ecological and other inspections.
The documents necessary for customs formalities include:
1. Goods declaration form;
2. Customs value declaration form;
3. License (refers to goods subject to license and quota management);
4. Commodity inspection certificate (refers to the goods subject to commodity inspection);
5. The license for the relevant goods (referring to the goods supervised by the relevant state organs), the application location is as follows:
A. Animal and plant products – Animal and Plant Quarantine Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture;
B. Electro-ion radiation source products – National Epidemiological Health Supervision Committee;
C. Non-military weapons and supporting explosives – Ministry of Internal Affairs;
D. Radio electronic equipment and high frequency instruments – National Communications Information Committee;
6. Certificate of origin (refers to the country where the commodity is produced as a country enjoying preferential tariffs);
7. Documents for the payment of duties, taxes and fees stipulated by law;
8. Import contract registration certificate;
9. Other supplementary documents.
Customs formalities are divided into two parts: preliminary formalities and basic formalities. Preliminary procedures refer to the procedures that should be carried out before the goods are stored in accordance with a certain customs system, and are intended to prevent shipments into contraband and to verify the goods for customs purposes. The basic formalities refer to the formalities that should be handled by customs, customs brokers and other persons who have full authority over goods and vehicles after the customs receives the customs declaration.
Imported goods and means of transport that are subject to customs supervision are usually shipped to the customs office of the consignee or its branch and where customs formalities are handled. Personnel who have full authority over the goods and means of transport shall submit a customs declaration within the time limit prescribed by the Russian National Customs Committee, which shall not exceed 15 days after the submission of the goods to the Customs (if the alcoholic beverages and tobacco products shall not exceed 10 days).
If the customs confirms the acceptance of the customs declaration, the customs declaration shall be numbered and the date of acceptance shall be indicated. If there is any doubt about the documents and information submitted, the Customs has the right to request additional documents and information to check whether the information contained in the customs declaration and the submitted documents is accurate. The person in charge of the customs shall examine the documents and make a decision on whether to release them within a period of not more than 10 days (or less than 3 days in the case of perishable goods).
The above period is counted from the date of submission of the customs declaration. When importing the taxable goods for consumption tax, the goods must be declared in advance. The temporary customs declaration form must be submitted to the customs within 10-30 days before the date of the expected transit of the goods, and the customs tax deposit will be deposited into the customs account. The margin rate was determined in accordance with Order No. 420 of the Russian National Customs Committee on August 17, 1994.
The deposit may not be deposited in the following cases:
The goods are transported by a customs carrier holding a license from the National Customs Committee; the goods are transported under the 1975 International Freight Convention.
common problem:
1. Is Russian white customs safe? Will there be no phenomenon that the goods will be fined?
A: The basis of Russian white customs clearance is “true declaration”. If you can guarantee “true declaration”, “tax payment according to law”, “perfect inspection and inspection” and “complete trade chain” and “sales and purchase procedures” is completely legal, there will be no phenomenon of goods being seized and fined. . Even if there is a phenomenon in which the Russian functional department deliberately martyrdom, it can completely appeal to the law and it is guaranteed by law.
2. Is the tariff on Russian white customs clearance more expensive than the gray customs clearance?
A: First of all, we must know that the taxes and fees levied by the Russian customs include: the customs duties of goods and the value-added tax of goods collected by the customs, and in the Russian customs tax law, different varieties, different materials, goods of different values have their respective phases. The corresponding tax rate.
Referring to the relevant data, it can be seen that except for some goods with high value of goods, most of the goods are subject to the same taxes and fees as the legally required to be grayed out. It can be seen that using legal customs clearance and paying taxes according to law does not necessarily increase operating costs.
3. The Russian white customs clearance procedures are cumbersome, and the customs clearance time must be long?
A: The cumbersome procedures for white customs clearance in Russia are relative to gray customs clearance. Moreover, the efficiency of customs clearance at different customs clearance points in Russia is not the same, and the number of goods declared at one time also affects the speed of customs clearance. The customs clearance speed of a single variety of goods is relatively fast. If there are more varieties of goods declared at one time, the inspection time will be longer and the customs clearance speed will be longer. Overall, the current normal customs clearance time is roughly 2-7 days.
4, white customs clearance is too slow, to a large number of documents, the cost of the name is more and more troublesome, but also takes a long time. It is necessary to pass the customs for three days, and it will take ten days and a half.
A: The general air freight line is shipped in 72 hours to Moscow to set up a warehouse. Air transportation is the fastest way. Regarding the cost issue, it is true that Russia imposes higher tariffs on some products, but not all of them. Some products have low tariffs, some are even tax-free, and high costs cannot be generalized. Compared with the gray customs clearance, some products have advantages even from the price point of view, not to mention the gray customs clearance is severely attacked by the Russian government, the risk is extremely great.
As a businessman in Russia, it is best to choose to abide by the law when conditions permit. A savvy businessman must count this account.
Many people mistakenly believe that the logistics cost of China to Russia is equal to the freight rate. This is not correct. In addition to the freight, there are necessary entry customs declaration fees such as tariffs and commodity inspections. In the whole cost structure, the proportion of freight is small.
Of course, there are still people on the market who are collecting goods that are so-called gray customs clearance. They do not charge for LCL, because they do not declare at all. This is of course very dangerous. It is very likely that they will be fined by the customs, even if the customs clearance is successful. You also don’t get the customs declaration documents, and you can’t prove the legal source of the goods. There are still many troubles in the sales process in Russia, so it is not recommended to take risks.
